Tanacetum cinerariifolium
| Tanacetum cinerariifolium | |
| Light: |  |
| Moisture: |   |
| Hardiness: | 6 |
| Soil pH: | 5.6-8.4 |
| Self Pollinated | |
| Height: | 2' |
| Width: | 2' |
| Blooms: | Mid Summer-Early Fall |
| Native to: | |
| Medicinal Rating: | |
| Tea: | Yes |
 | |
Tanacetum cinerariifolium (common name: dalmation pellitory)
Propagation: Seed - sow spring in a greenhouse. Only just cover the seed and do not allow the pot to dry out. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots once they are large enough to handle and grow them on in the greenhouse for their first winter. Plant out in late spring or early summer.
Division in spring. Larger divisions can be planted out direct into their permanent positions. We have found that it is best to pot up smaller divisions and grow them on in light shade in a greenhouse or cold frame until they are growing away well. Plant them out in the summer or the following spring.
Cultivation: Succeeds in an ordinary garden soil[1]. Prefers a rich soil with plenty of humus[2]. Prefers a pebbly, calcareous dry soil in a sunny position[3]. When grown in moist climates the plants often die after flowering[3].Tolerates a pH in the range 5.2 to 7.5.
Pyrethrum is widely cultivated as a source of an insecticide[4][5], the growing plant is also said to repel insects from plants growing nearby[6][7][8].
Range: Europe - Dalmatia, Yugoslavia.
Habitat: Rocky ground[9], usually by the seashore[3].
Medicinal: Dalmatian pellitory is not used medicinally, though research has shown that the flowers possess weak antibiotic activity[10]. The flowers are the main source of the insecticide pyrethrum, which is toxic to insects but not to mammals. It has sometimes been used as a vermifuge in China[2].
Usage: The dried flower buds are the source of the insecticide 'Pyrethrum'[1][3][6][7][11][4][5]. The pyrethrins are produced in the yellow disc florets[12]. The highest pyrethrin content is from the flowers when they are in full bloom (1.22%) and lowest in the preceding period (0.71%)[13]. This insecticide also kills many beneficial insects, though it is relatively harmless to mammals[3]. Another report says that it is non-toxic to mammals[14]. It is best used in the evening so that it will have lost much of its virulence by the morning[15]. Steep two handfuls of the dried powdered flowers in one litre of hot water for an hour. This mixture can be either pureed or strained and then used as a spray[15]. Once dried, the flowers or the powder retain their insecticidal properties almost indefinitely[14].
The growing plant can be used as an insect repellent in the garden[6][7][8]. Effective against mosquitoes and ants[15].
Pollinators: Bees, flies, self
Soil: Can grow in light, medium, and heavy soils.
Drainage: Prefers well drained soil.
Wind: Tolerates maritime wind exposure
Seed Ripens: Late Summer-Early Fall
Flower Type: Hermaphrodite
Known Hazards: Some people are highly allergic to this plant[16]. Prolonged contact with the dried flowers can lead to allergic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and asthma in humans[10].
Also Known As: Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium. Pyrethrum cinerariifolium.
Links
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Chittendon, Fred. RHS Dictionary of Plants. Oxford University Press, 1951.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Revolutionary Health Committee of Hunan Province. A Barefoot Doctors Manual. Running Press.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Grieve, Margaret. A Modern Herbal. Penguin, 1984.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Schery. Robert. Plants for Man. Prentice Hall, 1972.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Usher, George. A Dictionary of Plants Used by Man. Constable, 1974.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Hylton, Josie and William Holtom. Complete Guide to Herbs. Rodale Press, 1979.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Philbrick, Helen and Richard Gregg. Companion Plants. Watkins, 1979.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Riotte, Louise. Carrots Love Tomatoes. Garden Way, 1978.
- ↑ Tutin, Tom et al.. Flora Europaea. Cambridge University Press, 1964.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Stuart, Malcolm. The Encyclopedia of Herbs and Herbalism. Orbis Publishing, 1979.
- ↑ Uphof, Johannes. Dictionary of Economic Plants. Weinheim, 1959.
- ↑ Buchanan, Rita. A Weavers Garden.
- ↑ Chopra, R. Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, 1986.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 Bown, Deni. Royal Horticultural Society Encyclopaedia of Herbs and Their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, 1995.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Allardice, Pamela. A-Z of Companion Planting. Cassell Publishers, 1993.
- ↑ Natural Food Institute. Wonder Crops 1987.