Petroselinum crispum tuberosum
| Petroselinum crispum | |
| Light: |   |
| Moisture: |  |
| Soil pH: | 5.6-8.4 |
| Self Pollinated | |
| Life Cycle: | Biennial |
| Height: | 2' |
| Width: | 1' |
| Blooms: | Early Summer-Late Summer |
| Shelter | |
| Edible Rating: |  |
| Medicinal Rating: |  |
| Tea: | Yes |
 | |
Petroselinum crispum tuberosum (common name: hamburg parsley)
Propagation: Seed - sow late winter to early spring in situ. Germination can be slow, it helps to mark the rows by mixing a few radish seeds with the parsley seed[1]. Germination time can be reduced by pre-soaking the seed for 12 hours in hot water that is allowed to cool quickly, but be careful not to overdo the heat and cook the seed.
Cultivation: Prefers a moist well-drained soil in sun or partial shade[2][3][4][5][6][7]. Prefers a good light soil that is not too light or acid[8], growing poorly in light acid soils[7].
A form of P. crispum (parsley) grown mainly for its enlarged edible root, the leaves can be used in all the ways that parsley is used and they are said to be hardier than parsley.
Superficially similar to several poisonous species[9].
A good companion plant, especially for growing near roses, tomatoes, carrots, chives and asparagus[10][11][12][13], giving them all added vigour and protection against certain pests, especially carrot root fly and rose beetles[13].
Range: A garden form of P. crispum.
Habitat: Not known in the wild.
Edibility: Leaves - raw or cooked[1][6]. Parsley is frequently used as a garnish or as a flavouring in salads and many cooked dishes, but has too strong a flavour to be eaten in quantity for most palates. The flavour of this form is inferior to the species[14]. The leaves are difficult to dry but are easily frozen[7]. Very rich in iron, parsley is also a good source of vitamins A, B and C[13].
Root - raw or cooked[3][15][1]. They can be grated into salads, baked or added to soups etc[16]. The root is harvested from autumn until new growth commences in the spring. It is hardy enough to be left in the ground during the winter, though can also be harvested in late autumn or early winter and stored in a cool, frost-free place, making sure that it does not dry out. Alternatively, the root can be cut into slices and then dried in a cool oven[17]. The root has a delicious flavour, intermediate between that of celery and parsley but with a nuttier flavour[5][16].
A tea is made from the fresh or dried leaves, it is rich in vitamin C[18][16].
An essential oil is obtained mainly from the leaves - used as a food flavouring[19].
Medicinal: Parsley is a commonly grown culinary and medicinal herb that is often used as a domestic medicine. Its prime use is as a diuretic where it is effective in ridding the body of stones and in treating jaundice, dropsy, cystitis etc[2][14]. It should not be used by pregnant women, however, because it is used to stimulate menstrual flow and can therefore provoke a miscarriage[9][14]. An infusion of the roots and seeds is taken after childbirth to promote lactation and help contract the uterus[14]. Parsley is also a mild laxative and is useful for treating anaemia and convalescents[17]. All parts of the plant can be used medicinally, they are antidandruff, antispasmodic, aperient, carminative, digestive, diuretic, emmenagogue, expectorant, galactofuge, kidney, stomachic and tonic[2][9][20][18][21][13][14].
Caution is advised on the internal use of this herb, especially in the form of the essential oil. Excessive doses can cause liver and kidney damage, nerve inflammation and gastro-intestinal haemorrhage[14]. It should not be prescribed for pregnant women or people with kidney diseases[14].
A poultice of the leaves has been applied externally to soothe bites and stings[2][9], it is also said to be of value in treating tumours of a cancerous nature[2]. It has been used to treat eye infections, whilst a wad of cotton soaked in the juice will relieve toothache or earache[17]. It is also said to prevent hair loss and to make freckles disappear[17].
If the leaves are kept close to the breasts of a nursing mother for a few days, the milk flow will cease[9].
Usage: A good companion plant, repelling insects from nearby plants[11][12].
Pollinators: Insects
Habit: Biennial
Soil: Can grow in light, medium, and heavy soils.
Drainage: Prefers well drained soil.
Seed Ripens: Mid Summer-Early Fall
Flower Type: Hermaphrodite
Known Hazards: Parsley is said to contain the alleged 'psychotroph' myristicine[22].
Although perfectly safe to eat and nutritious in amounts that are given in recipes, parsley is toxic in excess, especially when used as an essential oil[14].
Also Known As: P. crispum radicosum. Baill.
Links
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Organ, John. Rare Vegetables for Garden and Table. Faber, 1960.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Grieve, Margaret. A Modern Herbal. Penguin, 1984.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Simons, Arthur. New Vegetable Growers Handbook. Penguin, 1977.
- ↑ Brown, George. Shade Plants for Garden and Woodland.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Thompson, Robert. The Gardener's Assistant. Blackie and Son, 1878.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Larkcom, Joy. Salads all the Year Round. Hamlyn, 1980.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Huxley, Anthony. The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening. MacMillan Press, 1992.
- ↑ Chittendon, Fred. RHS Dictionary of Plants. Oxford University Press, 1951.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Chiej, Roberto. Encyclopaedia of Medicinal Plants. MacDonald, 1984.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Philbrick, Helen and Richard Gregg. Companion Plants. Watkins, 1979.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Riotte, Louise. Carrots Love Tomatoes. Garden Way, 1978.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Hatfield, Audrey. How to Enjoy your Weeds. Frederick Muller Ltd, 1974.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 Allardice, Pamela. A-Z of Companion Planting. Cassell Publishers, 1993.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 Bown, Deni. Royal Horticultural Society Encyclopaedia of Herbs and Their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, 1995.
- ↑ Vilmorin-Andrieux. The Vegetable Garden. Ten Speed Press.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 Facciola, Stephen. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, 1990.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 Phillips, Roger. Herbs. Pan Books, 1990.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Lust, John. The Herb Book. Bantam Books, 1983.
- ↑ Uphof, Johannes. Dictionary of Economic Plants. Weinheim, 1959.
- ↑ Launert, Edmund. Edible and Medicinal Plants. Hamlyn, 1981.
- ↑ Mills, Simon. The Dictionary of Modern Herbalism.
- ↑ Duke, James and Edward Ayensu. Medicinal Plants of China. Reference Publications, 1985.