Fritillaria cirrhosa
| Fritillaria cirrhosa | |
| Light: |   |
| Moisture: |  |
| Hardiness: | 5 |
| Soil pH: | 5.6-8.4 |
| Height: | 1' |
| Width: | 0.3' |
| Blooms: | Mid Spring-Late Spring |
| Native to: | |
| Edible Rating: |  |
| Medicinal Rating: |  |
| Tea: | Yes |
 | |
Fritillaria cirrhosa (common name: chuan bei mu)
Propagation: Seed - best sown as soon as ripe in a cold frame, it should germinate in the spring[1]. Protect from frost[2]. Stored seed should be sown as soon as possible and can take a year or more to germinate[2]. Sow the seed quite thinly to avoid the need to prick out the seedlings. Once they have germinated, give them an occasional liquid feed to ensure that they do not suffer mineral deficiency. Once they die down at the end of their second growing season, divide up the small bulbs, planting 2 - 3 to an 8cm deep pot. Grow them on for at least another year in light shade in the greenhouse before planting them out whilst dormant.
Division of offsets in August[1]. The larger bulbs can be planted out direct into their permanent positions, but it is best to pot up the smaller bulbs and grow them on in a cold frame for a year before planting them out in the autumn.
Bulb scales[3].
Cultivation: Succeeds in a well-drained loamy soil[4]. Prefers peat bed conditions, the plant should not be allowed to dry out[2].
In cultivation at Kew[4] and thriving in a sunny stony bed at Keillour Castle in Perthshire[5], this species does not, however, do well in all gardens[1]. It is much valued as a herbal remedy in China[3].
This species is closely related to F. meleagris[4].
Range: E. Asia - Himalayas - Nepal to China.
Habitat: Mountain slopes in alpine and sub-alpine meadows and scrub, usually on open stony moist hillsides[5][6] Forests, alpine thickets, meadows, flood lands and moist places, 3200 - 4600 metres[7].
Edibility: Bulb - boiled or roasted as a vegetable[8]. The bulb is bitter-sweet. The bulb is about 2cm in diameter[7].
Medicinal: The bulbs of Chuan bei mu are antitussive, astringent, demulcent, expectorant, febrifuge and pectoral[6][9][10]. They contain fritimine which lowers blood pressure, diminishes excitability of respiratory centres, paralyses voluntary movement and counters the effects of opium[11][9][10]. The dried bulb is used internally in the treatment of coughs, bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma, feverish illnesses, abscesses etc[10]. The bulbs also have a folk history of use against cancer of the breast and lungs in China[12][10]. This remedy should only be used under the supervision of a qualified practitioner, excessive doses can cause breathing difficulties and heart failure[10].
The bulbs are harvested in the winter whilst they are dormant and are dried for later use[10].
Pollinators: Insects
Soil: Can grow in light and medium soils.
Drainage: Prefers well drained soil.
Flower Type: Hermaphrodite
Links
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Chittendon, Fred. RHS Dictionary of Plants. Oxford University Press, 1951.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Rice, Graham. Growing from Seed Volume 2. Thompson and Morgan, 1988.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Reed, David. Lilies and Related Plants. 1989.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Grey, Charles. Hardy Bulbs. Williams & Norgate, 1938.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Phillips, Roger and Martyn Rix. Bulbs. Pan Books, 1989.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Jingwei, Zhang and Ching-Wei Chang. Alpine Plants of China. Horizon Books, 1982.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Flora of China. 1994.
- ↑ Manandhar, Narayan. Plants and People of Nepal. Timber Press, 2002.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Yeung, Him-Che. Handbook of Chinese Herbs and Formulas. Institute of Chinese Medicine, 1985.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 Bown, Deni. Royal Horticultural Society Encyclopaedia of Herbs and Their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, 1995.
- ↑ Usher, George. A Dictionary of Plants Used by Man. Constable, 1974.
- ↑ Duke, James and Edward Ayensu. Medicinal Plants of China. Reference Publications, 1985.