Corylus avellana pontica
| Corylus avellana | |
| Light: |   |
| Moisture: |  |
| Soil pH: | 5.6-8.4 |
| Self Pollinated | |
| Blooms: | Mid Spring-Late Spring |
| Open Woods Forest | |
| Native to: | |
| Edible Rating: |  |
| Tea: | Yes |
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Corylus avellana pontica
Propagation: Seed - best sown as soon as it is harvested in autumn in a cold frame[1]. Germinates in late winter or spring. Stored seed should be pre-soaked in warm water for 48 hours and then given 2 weeks warm followed by 3 - 4 months cold stratification[1]. Germinates in 1 - 6 months at 20°c[1]. When large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in a cold frame or sheltered place outdoors for their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer[K].
Layering in autumn. Easy, it takes about 6 months[2][3].
Division of suckers in early spring. Very easy, they can be planted out straight into their permanent positions.
Cultivation: An easily grown plant, it succeeds in most soils, but is in general more productive of seeds when grown on soils of moderate fertility[4][3]. It does less well in rich heavy soils or poor ones[4][5]. Does well in a loamy soil[4]. Very suitable for an alkaline soil[4], but it dislikes very acid soils[6]. Plants are fairly wind tolerant[7][4].
Members of this genus bear transplanting well and can be easily moved even when relatively large[4].
Range: E. Europe to Asia.
Habitat: Mixed woodland, streamsides etc in Turkey[8], in the lower montane zone[9].
Edibility: Seed - raw or roasted and used in breads, cakes, biscuits, sweets etc[10]. They can also be liquidized and used as a plant milk[11]. Rich in oil. The seed ripens in mid to late autumn and will probably need to be protected from squirrels[K]. When kept in a cool place, and not shelled, the seed should store for at least 12 months[K].
A clear yellow edible oil is obtained from the seed[12][13][11]. It is used in salad dressings, baking etc.
Usage: The seed contains up to 65% of a non-drying oil, used in paints, cosmetics etc[14][15][16][17]. The whole seed can be used to polish and oil wood[18]. Very easy and effective[K].
Plants can be grown as a tall hedge[19]. They need to be left untrimmed or only lightly trimmed if seed is required[19].
Wood - soft, easy to split, not very durable, beautifully veined. Used for inlay work, small items of furniture, hurdles, wattles, basketry, pea sticks etc[12][14][20][15][21][5][22][23]. The twigs are used as dowsing rods by water diviners[4]. The wood also yields a good quality charcoal, used by artists[5][24].
Pollinators: Wind
Soil: Can grow in light, medium, and heavy soils.
Wind: Tolerates strong winds
Seed Ripens: Early Fall-Mid Fall
Flower Type: Monoecious
Also Known As: C. colurna. non L. C. pontica.
Links
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Bird, Alfred. Growing from Seed Volume 4. Thompson and Morgan, 1990.
- ↑ Sheat, Wilfrid. Propagation of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers. St Martin, 1948.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Huxley, Anthony. The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening. MacMillan Press, 1992.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Bean, William. Trees and Shrubs Hardy in Great Britain. Murray, 1981.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Howes, Frank. Nuts. Faber, 1948.
- ↑ Clapham, Arthur and Tom Tootin, Edmund Warburg. Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press, 1962.
- ↑ Chittendon, Fred. RHS Dictionary of Plants. Oxford University Press, 1951.
- ↑ Davis, Peter. Flora of Turkey. Edinburgh University Press, 1965.
- ↑ Komarov, Vladimir. Flora of the USSR. Gantner Verlag, 1968.
- ↑ Tanaka, Tyōzaburō. Tanaka's Cyclopaedia of Edible Plants of the World. Keigaku Publishing, 1976.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Facciola, Stephen. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, 1990.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Chiej, Roberto. Encyclopaedia of Medicinal Plants. MacDonald, 1984.
- ↑ Launert, Edmund. Edible and Medicinal Plants. Hamlyn, 1981.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 Triska, Jan. Encyclopaedia of Plants. Hamlyn, 1975.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Uphof, Johannes. Dictionary of Economic Plants. Weinheim, 1959.
- ↑ Schery. Robert. Plants for Man. Prentice Hall, 1972.
- ↑ Corbetta, Francisco. The COmplete Book of Fruits and Vegetables. 1985.
- ↑ Mabey, Richard. Plants with a Purpose. Fontana, 1979.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 Shepherd, F. W.. Hedges and Screens. Royal Horticultural Society, 1974.
- ↑ Wright, Dorothy. Complete Book of Baskets and Basketry. David and Charles, 1977.
- ↑ Usher, George. A Dictionary of Plants Used by Man. Constable, 1974.
- ↑ Freethy, Ron. From Agar to Zenery. The Crowood Press, 1985.
- ↑ Royal Horticultural Society. The Plantsman Vol. 5. 1983 - 1984. Royal Horticultural Society, 1983.
- ↑ Turner, Nancy. Edible Wild Fruits and Nuts of Canada. National Museum of Natural Sciences, 1978.