Arisaema amurense
| Arisaema amurense | |
| Light: |    |
| Moisture: |  |
| Hardiness: | 5 |
| Soil pH: | 5.6-8.4 |
| Cross Pollinated | |
| Height: | 2' |
| Width: | 2' |
| Open Woods Forest | |
| Native to: | |
| Edible Rating: |  |
| Medicinal Rating: |  |
| Tea: | Yes |
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Arisaema amurense (common name: tian nan xing)
Propagation: Seed - best sown as soon as it is ripe in a shady position in a cold frame[1]. Stored seed remains viable for at least a year and can be sown in spring in the greenhouse but it will probably require a period of cold stratification. Germination usually takes place in 1 - 6 months at 15°c[1]. When large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in light shade in the greenhouse for at least a coupe of years until the corms are more than 20mm in diameter. Plant out into their permanent positions whilst they are dormant.
Division of tubers when the plant dies down in late summer.
Cultivation: Prefers a cool peaty soil in the bog, woodland garden or a sheltered border in semi-shade[2]. Prefers a loamy or peaty soil[3] and will tolerate a sunny position if the soil is moist but not water-logged and the position is not too exposed[3][2]. This species is well suited to the front of a peat border[2].
Tubers should be planted about 15cm deep[4]. Only plant out full sized tubers and mulch them with organic matter in the winter[2]. Plants require protection from slugs[2].
Most species in this genus are dioecious, but they are sometimes monoecious and can also change sex from year to year.
Range: E. Asia - N. China, Japan, Korea.
Habitat: Virgin forests, mountains and river banks[5]. Deciduous forest, mixed forest, under woods and by streams at elevations of 50 - 200 metres in China[6].
Edibility: Well-soaked roots can be boiled, peeled and eaten[7]. The tuber is 6 - 7cm in diameter[6]. Some caution is advised, see the notes above on toxicity.
Young leaves - cooked[7]. Some caution is advised, see the notes above on toxicity.
Medicinal: Tian Nan Xing has been used in Chinese herbal medicine for thousands of years and is valued especially for its beneficial affect upon the chest[8]. When prescribed internally it is always used dried and in conjunction with fresh ginger root[8].
The root is an acrid irritant herb that is anodyne, antibacterial, antifungal, antiphlogistic, antirheumatic, anticancer, antispasmodic, antitumor, expectorant, sedative and stomachic[9][10][11][12][13]. The dried root is used internally in the treatment of coughs with profuse phlegm, tumours, cervical cancer, epilepsy, tetanus and complaints involving muscular spasms[10][12]. The fresh root is applied externally as a poultice to ulcers and other skin complaints[8]. The root is harvested when the plant is dormant in the autumn or winter and is dried for later use[12].
Pollinators: Flies
Soil: Can grow in light and medium soils.
Drainage: Prefers well drained soil.
Flower Type: Dioecious
Known Hazards: The plant contains calcium oxylate crystals. These cause an extremely unpleasant sensation similar to needles being stuck into the mouth and tongue if they are eaten but they are easily neutralized by thoroughly drying or cooking the plant or by steeping
Links
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Rice, Graham. Growing from Seed Volume 2. Thompson and Morgan, 1988.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Huxley, Anthony. The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening. MacMillan Press, 1992.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Chittendon, Fred. RHS Dictionary of Plants. Oxford University Press, 1951.
- ↑ Thomas, Graham. Perennial Garden Plants. J. M. Dent & Sons, 1990.
- ↑ Komarov, Vladimir. Flora of the USSR. Gantner Verlag, 1968.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Flora of China. 1994.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Kunkel, Günther. Plants for Human Consumption. Koeltz Scientific Books, 1984.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Chevallier, Andrew. The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants. Dorling Kindersley, 1996.
- ↑ Revolutionary Health Committee of Hunan Province. A Barefoot Doctors Manual. Running Press.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Yeung, Him-Che. Handbook of Chinese Herbs and Formulas. Institute of Chinese Medicine, 1985.
- ↑ Duke, James and Edward Ayensu. Medicinal Plants of China. Reference Publications, 1985.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Bown, Deni. Royal Horticultural Society Encyclopaedia of Herbs and Their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, 1995.
- ↑ Medicinal Plants in the Republic of Korea. World Health Organisation, 1998.