Abies procera
| Abies procera | |
| Light: |    |
| Moisture: |  |
| Hardiness: | 5 |
| Soil pH: | 5.6-7.3 |
| Evergreen | |
| Height: | 197' |
| Width: | 16' |
| Speed: | Moderate |
| Open Woods Forest | |
| Native to: | |
| Medicinal Rating: | |
| Tea: | Yes |
Abies procera (common name: noble fir)
Propagation: Seed - sow early February in a greenhouse or outdoors in March[1]. Germination is often poor, usually taking about 6 - 8 weeks[1]. Stratification is said to produce a more even germination so it is probably best to sow the seed in a cold frame as soon as it is ripe in the autumn[2][3]. The seed remains viable for up to 5 years if it is well stored[3]. When large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on for at least their first winter in pots. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts.
Alternatively, if you have sufficient seed, it is possible to sow in an outdoor seedbed. One report says that it is best to grow the seedlings on in the shade at a density of about 550 plants per square metre[1] whilst another report says that they are best grown on in a sunny position[2].
Cultivation: Prefers a good moist but not water-logged soil[4]. Succeeds in cold exposed positions and in poor mountain peats[5]. Succeeds in poor thin soils so long as sufficient moisture is present[6]. Grows well in heavy clay soils. Plants are very shade tolerant, especially when young, but they grow more slowly in dense shade[7]. Intolerant of atmospheric pollution[4]. Prefers slightly acid conditions with a pH down to about 5[8]. Grows well on a north-facing slope[8].
A long-lived tree in the wild, with specimens more than 600 years old recorded[6]. It is a very ornamental tree[4], but is very susceptible to damage by aphis in some areas of the country[4][5].
Planted for timber in W. and N. Europe[9], in Britain it grows best in wetter parts of the country such as the Perthshire valleys of Scotland[5]. Trees do not grow well in the drier areas of Britain[7]. In a suitable site it can make new growth of 1 metre a year until it is 25 metres tall when growth slows[10]. Exposure seems to severely limit growth in height in southern and eastern regions but less so in areas of high rainfall such as N. Wales and Argyll[10]. New growth takes place from early June to August[10].
Trees should be planted into their permanent positions when they are quite small, between 30 and 90cm in height. Larger trees will check badly and hardly put on any growth for several years. This also badly affects root development and wind resistance[8].
Trees are sometimes used as 'Christmas trees'[8].
Plants are strongly outbreeding, self-fertilized seed usually grows poorly[8]. They hybridize freely with other members of this genus[8].
Range: Western N. America - Washington to N. California. Self-sows in Britain - in Scotland[5].
Habitat: Deep forests at elevations between 600 - 1500 metres[11]. The best specimens are found in deep rich soils with a short cool growing season and abundant annual precipitation, mainly as snow[6].
Medicinal: A decoction of the leaves has been used as a cough medicine[12].
Usage: Wood - light, hard, strong, close grained, works easily. Used for lumber, interior work, pulp etc[13][14][15][6].
Pollinators: Wind
Soil: Can grow in light, medium, and heavy soils.
Wind: Tolerates strong winds
In Leaf: Evergreen
Seed Ripens: Early Fall
Flower Type: Monoecious
Heavy Clay: Grows in heavy-clay soils.
Also Known As: A. nobilis. Pinus nobilis.
Links
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Sheat, Wilfrid. Propagation of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers. St Martin, 1948.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 McMillan-Browse, Philip. Hardy Woody Plants from Seed. Grower Books, 1985.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Dirr, Michael and Charles Heuser. The Reference Manual of Woody Plant Propagation. Athens Ga. Varsity Press, 1987.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Chittendon, Fred. RHS Dictionary of Plants. Oxford University Press, 1951.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Bean, William. Trees and Shrubs Hardy in Great Britain. Murray, 1981.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Elias, Thomas. The Complete Trees of North America. Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1980.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Rushforth, Keith. Conifers. Batsford, 1991.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 Huxley, Anthony. The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening. MacMillan Press, 1992.
- ↑ Tutin, Tom et al.. Flora Europaea. Cambridge University Press, 1964.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Mitchell, Alan. Conifers in the British Isles. Stationery Office Books, 1975.
- ↑ Hitchcock, Leo. Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest. University of Washington Press, 1955.
- ↑ Moerman, Daniel. Native American Ethnobotany. Timber Press, 1998.
- ↑ Uphof, Johannes. Dictionary of Economic Plants. Weinheim, 1959.
- ↑ Usher, George. A Dictionary of Plants Used by Man. Constable, 1974.
- ↑ Sargent, Charles. Manual of the Trees of North America. Dover, 1965.