Tilia caroliniana
| Tilia caroliniana | |
| Light: |   |
| Moisture: |  |
| Hardiness: | 7 |
| Soil pH: | 5.6-8.4 |
| Height: | 66' |
| Speed: | Moderate |
| Blooms: | Mid Summer |
| Open Woods Forest | |
| Native to: | |
| Shelter | |
| Edible Rating: |  |
| Medicinal Rating: |  |
| Tea: | Yes |
 | |
Tilia caroliniana (common name: carolina basswood)
Propagation: Seed - much of the seed produced in Britain is not viable, cut a few seedcases open to see if there is a seed inside[1]. If possible, obtain fresh seed that is ripe but has not as yet developed a hard seed coat and sow it immediately in a cold frame. It may germinate in the following spring though it could take 18 months[1]. Stored seed can be very slow to germinate. It has a hard seed coat, embryo dormancy and a hard coat on the pericarp. All these factors mean that the seed may take up to 8 years to germinate[1]. One way of shortening this time is to stratify the seed for 5 months at high temperatures (10°c at night, up to 30°c by day) and then 5 months cold stratification[1]. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in the greenhouse for their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts.
Layering in spring just before the leaves unfurl. Takes 1 - 3 years[2].
Suckers, when formed, can be removed with as much root as possible during the dormant season and replanted immediately[3].
Cultivation: Prefers a good moist loamy alkaline to neutral soil but succeeds on slightly acid soils[4][3]. Grows poorly on any very dry or very wet soil[200. Dislikes exposed positions[3]. Succeeds in sun or semi-shade[5].
One report suggests that this tree is probably tender in Britain[4] whilst another says that it succeeds in zone 7, which means that it should be hardy in most of Britain[3].
A fast-growing tree in its native habitats[6], but it prefers a continental climate, growing more slowly and not producing fertile seed in areas with cool summers[3].
Lime trees tend to hybridise freely if other members of the genus are growing nearby[7]. If growing plants from seed it is important to ensure the seed came from a wild source or from an isolated clump of the single species[K].
Grows best in a woodland situation, young plants tolerate a reasonable level of side shade[3].
A good bee plant[8].
Trees are usually attacked by aphids which cover the ground and the leaves with a sticky honeydew[5].
Quite tolerant of root disturbance, semi-mature trees up to 5 metres tall have been transplanted successfully.
Plants in this genus are notably resistant to honey fungus[3].
Range: South-eastern N. America - Virginia to Florida, west to Texas.
Habitat: Grows best in rich moist woods, or in dense hummocks by streams in the south of its range[9].
Edibility: Young leaves - raw[K].
A tea is made from the flowers.
A very good chocolate substitute is made from a paste of the ground fruits and flowers[10]. Trials on marketing the product failed because the paste decomposes readily[10].
Medicinal: A tea made from the flowers is antispasmodic, diaphoretic and sedative[11].
Usage: A fibre is obtained from the tough inner bark It can be made into diverse items such as mats, shoes and coarse cloth[9].
Wood - soft, light, easily worked. Used for interior finishing, woodenware etc[8].
Pollinators: Insects
Soil: Can grow in light, medium, and heavy soils.
Drainage: Prefers well drained soil.
Seed Ripens: Mid Fall
Flower Type: Hermaphrodite
Also Known As: T. americana pubescens. T. ashei. T. floridana. T. pubescens.
Links
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 McMillan-Browse, Philip. Hardy Woody Plants from Seed. Grower Books, 1985.
- ↑ Sheat, Wilfrid. Propagation of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers. St Martin, 1948.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Huxley, Anthony. The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening. MacMillan Press, 1992.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bean, William. Trees and Shrubs Hardy in Great Britain. Murray, 1981.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Brickell, Christopher. The RHS Gardener's Encyclopedia of Plants and Flowers. Dorling Kindersley Publishers, 1990.
- ↑ Vines, Robert. Trees of North Texas. University of Texas Press, 1982.
- ↑ Bown, Deni. Royal Horticultural Society Encyclopaedia of Herbs and Their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, 1995.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Vines, Robert. Trees of Central Texas. University of Texas Press, 1987.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Elias, Thomas. The Complete Trees of North America. Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1980.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Hedrick, Ulysses. Sturtevant's Edible Plants of the World. Dover Publications, 1972.
- ↑ Lauriault, Jean. Identification Guide to the Trees of Canada. Fitzhenry and Whiteside, 1989.